The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region faces problems of water scarcity, limited arable land, and soil degradation which is exacerbated by climate change, threatening water and food security. As the region experiences rapid population growth,1 states must contend with increasing demand for water, energy, and food (WEF),2 which are all inextricably linked. To adapt, the region is striving to improve climate-smart agricultural practices,3…



